Latin Collegium 4

Latin Collegium #4

Stefano d’Urbino October ASXXXIII
(Alistair Ramsden, December 1998)
[version 1.0]

Possum I can & Volo I want
3^{rd Conjugation Verbs

Numbers

Noun Acquisition: Eating & Drinking

Noun Acquisition: Playing Chess

Exercises (such as they are)}

^{3rd Conjugation Verbs

THIRD CONJUGATION

Type I dic-o, dic-ere, say, tell

Type II cap-io, cap-ere, take, capture

Present Indicative Tense (Active)

1st person sing. dic-o I say

2nd person sing. dic-is you say

3rd person sing. dic-it he, she, it says

1st person plur. dic-imus we say

2nd person plur. dic-itis you all say

3rd person plur. dic-unt they say

Imperative Tense (Active)

Singular dic-e (you) say!

Plural dic-ite (you all) say!

Infinitive Tense (Active)

Present dic-ere to say

amitto, -ere, lose

cedo, -ere, depart, yield, die

curro, -ere, run

emo, -ere, buy

eludo, -ere, parry, outmanoeuvre

facio, -ere, make, create, cause

duco, -ere, lead

ludo, -ere, game

mitto, -ere, send, throw

offendo, -ere, hit, offend

pono, -ere, put, place

reddo, -ere, return, reply, translate

redigo, -ere, force back, bring back, reduce

reficio, -ere, repair, revive, re-elect

rego, -ere, rule, govern, keep straight

surgo, -ere, rise, stand up, grow

vendo, -ere, sell

vinco, -ere, win

The tense endings of third conjugation verbs are more

irregular than other conjugations; in more complex third conjugation tenses,

the verb stem may also be irregular eg. dic-o I say, dix-i,

I said. Such irregularities need to be memorised on a case by case

basis.

Type II verbs of the third conjugation retain the “i”

in their verb stem in the 3rd person plural, eg. (I) dic-unt, they

say, but (II) capi-unt, they take.

Possum I can & Volo I

want

Possum I can / I am able & Volo I want / I

wish are another two important IRREGULAR verb forms which do not fit

neatly into any conjugation or set of word rules.}

^{Present Indicative Tense (Active)}

^{1st person sing.}	^{possum, I can}	^{volo, I want}
^{2nd person sing.}	^{potes, you can}	^{vis, you want}
^{3rd person sing.}	^{potest, he, she, it can}	^{Vult, he, she, it wants}
^{1st person plur.}	^{possumus, we can}	^{Volumus, we want}
^{2nd person plur.}	^{potestis, you all can}	^{Vultis, you all want}
^{3rd person plur.}	^{possunt, they can}	^{Volunt, you want}

^{Imperative Tense (Active)}

^Singular	-	-
^Plural	-	-

^{Infinitive Tense (Active)}

^Present	^{Posse, to be able}	^{Velle, to want}

^{Acceptable alternative forms for vult & vultis are volt

& voltis respectively.

There is no direct translation of the imperative tense for

these verbs. Possible figurative or indirect translations are es posse, (you)

be able!, este posse, (you all) be able!, debes velle, (you) must

want! & debetis velle, (you all) must want, respectively.

Number

One may speak of numbers in several different ways in Latin.

Below are the words for counting numbers (cardinal form) and ordering numbers

(ordinal form).}

^{Cardinal Form}	^{Ordinal Form}
^{unus, one}	^{primus, first}
^{duo, two}	^{secundus, second}
^{tres, three}	^{tertius, third}
^{quattor, four}	^{quartus, fourth}
^{quinque, five}	^{quintus, fifth}
^{sex, six}	^{sextus, sixth}
^{septem, seven}	^{septimus, seventh}
^{octo, eight}	^{octavus, eighth}
^{novem, nine}	^{nonus, ninth}
^{decem, ten}	^{decemus, tenth}
^{viginti, twenty}	^{vicesimus, twentieth}
^{Quinquaginta, fifty}	^{quinquagesimus, fiftieth}
^{centem, one hundred}	^{centesimus, one hundredth}
^{mille, one thousand}	^{millesimus, one thousandth}

^{Eating & Drinking

FOOD}

^{agnus, -i, m. lamb}

^{assum, -i, n., roast}

^{bubula, -ae, f. beef}

^{cardimontum, -i, n., spice}

^{cibus, -i. m. food}

^{crustum, -i, n., pie}

^{frumentum, -i. n. grain}

^{herba, -ae. f. herb}

^{odorata, -um, -us, pungent, spicy}

^{olea, -ae, f. olive}

^{oleum, -i. n. olive oil, oil}

^{pomum, -i, n., apple, fruit}

^{pulla, -ae, f. chicken}

^{salsa, -um, -us, spicy, salty}

^DRINK

^{aqua, -ae, f., water}

^{fermentum, -i, n. beer}

^{fermentum pomum, -i, n. cider}

^{merum, -i, n., unwatered wine, fortified wine}

^{mulsum, -i n. mead}

^{vinum, -i, n. wine, watered wine}

^{TIME & LOCATION}

^{cena, -ae, f. dinner}

^{cenaculum, -i, n. dining room}

^{cenula, -ae, f. snack}

^{culina, -ae, f. kitchen}

^{epulum, -i, n. banquet}

^{ientaculum, -i, n. breakfast}

^{prandium, -i, n. lunch}

^EQUIPMENT

^{cathedra, -ae, f. chair}

^{catillus, -i. m. plate}

^{catinus, -i, m. bowl, pot}

^{cultellus, -i, m. small knife, eating knife}

^{culter, -ri, m. knife}

^{furca, -ae, f. fork}

^{furcilla, -ae, f. small fork, eating fork}

^{hirnea, -ae f. jug}

^{poculum, -i, n. cup, goblet}

^{qualus, -i, m.wicker basket}

^{tabula, -ae, f. table}

^{When talking about eating and drinking it is a little

difficult not to include some nouns from declensions we have not covered yet.

Included below is a short list of (as yet) undefined words below.}

^{caro, meat}

^{cochlear, spoon}

^{dulcis, (adj) sweet, fresh}

^{holera, vegetables (plural)}

^{panis, bread}

^{potus, drink}

^Chess

^{abacus, -i, m. counting board, chessboard}

^{alba, -um, -us, white}

^{dextra, -erum, -er, right}

^{episcopus, -i, m. bishop}

^{Latrunculi, Chess}

^{latrunculus, -i, m. pawn, man, (lit.) brigand}

^{ludus, -i, m. game}

^{nigra, -erum, -er, black}

^{pone, behind}

^{prae, in front of (ablative case)}

^{quadratum, -i, n. square}

^{regina, -ae, f. queen}

^{sinistra, -erum, -er, left}

^{tabula, -ae, f. board}

^{Again, included below are some words we have not yet learnt

the declensions for, but are important ot at least know of to play Chess

meaningfully in Latin.}

^{agmens, file}

^{eques, knight}

^{lusor, player}

^{ordo, rank}

^{res, piece}

^{rex, king}

^{There are also some handy idioms associated with Chess.

offensio, check, (lit) stumbling block, misfortune

ad incitas redigere, checkmate, stalemate (lit) to

reduce to immovability, to bring to a standstill

In the latter case, “incitas” is the feminine accusative

plural case of incita, -um, -us, immovable, rather than the present 2nd

person singular of incito, -are, to urge.

Exercises

Translate into good English.

Latrunculus equem capit

Mea Regina tuum latrunculum capit

Meam reginam capis

Dexter Eques est ad sinister dextri castelli

Tuus move

Next Time:

a, ab, ad, e & ex

3rd Declension Nouns - an overview

Past and Future Tense - an overview

Hopefully, lots of exercises}